Only if dan Otherwise

Showing Relationships Between Ideas- Part 2

a.     Adverb Clauses of conditions : Using Only If and Providing/ Provided

Only if expresses the idea that there is only one condition that will cause a particular result. When only if begins the sentence, the subject and verb of the main clause are inverted.

a)  The picnic will be canceled only if it rains. If it's windy, we'll go on the picnic. If it's cold, we'll go on the picnic. If it's damp and foggy, we'll go on the picnic. If it's unbearably hot, we'll go on the picnic.	Only if expresses the idea that there is only one condition that will cause a particular result.
(b)  Only if  it rains will the picnic be canceled.	When only if begins a sentence, the subject and the verb of the main clause are inverted, as in (b).*
*Other subordinating conjunctions and prepositional phrases fronted by only at the beginning of a sentence require subject-verb   inversion in the main clause:      Only when the teacher dismisses us can we stand and leave the room.      Only after the phone rang did I realize that I had fallen asleep in my chair.      Only in my hometown do I feel at ease.

providing that and provided that mean if and only if

(a) The Badminton game will be called off only if no one comes.
If ten coffeers come, the Badminton game will push through.
If it rains, the Badminton game will push through.
If Evona oversleeps, the Badminton game will push through.
If just two coffeers come, the Badminton game will push through.

(b) Only if no one comes will the Badminton game be called off.

(c) Providing/provided (that) no one comes, the Badminton game wil be called off.

b.    Expresing Condition : Using Otherwise and Or (else)

Otherwise is a transition word that expresses the idea "if the opposite is true, then there will be a certain result"

(a) I always take the first trip to Fairview via Commonwealth Ave. Otherwise, I would be late for my 8 o'clock class.

or else is a conjuction but shares the same meaning as otherwise.

(b) I always take the first trip to Fairview via Commonwealth Avenue, or (else) I would be late for my 8 o'clock class.

ADVERB CLAUSES	(a) (b) (c) If I don't eat breakfast, I get hungry during class. You'll be late if you don't hurry. You'll get wet unless you take your umbrella.	If  and unless state conditions that produce certain results. (See Charts 17-5 and 17-8)
CONJUNCTIONS	(d) (e) (f) I always eat breakfast, or (else) I get hungry during class. You'd better hurry, or (else) you'll be late. Take your umbrella, or (else) you'll get wet.	Or else and otherwise have the same meaning.
TRANSITIONS	(g) (h) (i) I always eat breakfast.  Otherwise, I get hungry during class. You'd better hurry.  Otherwise, you'll be late. Take your umbrella.  Otherwise, you'll get wet.	Otherwise expresses the idea "if  the opposite is true, then there will be a certain result." In (g): otherwise = if I don't eat breakfast.